The Hidden Truth About Acne

Acne is one of the most common skin conditions, affecting 85% of people at some point in their lives. It is more than just “bad skin”—it’s a complex inflammatory condition influenced by hormones, bacteria, lifestyle, and even mental health. 

In this blog, it will cover:

• Causes of Acne
• Different Types of Acne
• Common myths
• Latest Medical Treatment

What Really Causes Acne?

Acne develops when four key factors combine:

1. Excess oil (sebum) production – Hormones (like androgens) trigger overactive oil glands.
2. Clogged pores – Dead skin cells + oil block hair follicles.
3. Bacteria (C. acnes) – Infects pores, causing inflammation.
4. Inflammation – The body’s immune response leads to redness and swelling.

Surprising triggers:

• Stress → spikes cortisol → more oil
• Diet (high-glycemic foods, dairy, whey protein)
• Gut health (leaky gut → systemic inflammation)

Acne Types & How to Treat Them

A. Non-Inflammatory Acne

• Blackheads & Whiteheads – Clogged pores without redness.
  • Treatment: Salicylic acid, retinoids, professional extractions.

B. Inflammatory Acne

• Papules & Pustules – Red, tender bumps (with or without pus).
  • Treatment: Benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics.
• Nodules & Cysts – Deep, painful lumps (risk of scarring).
  • Treatment: Dermatologist-only options (cortisone shots, Accutane).

How Do We Manage Acne?

A. Over-the-Counter (OTC) Options

• Benzoyl Peroxide (2.5-5%) – Kills bacteria.
• Salicylic Acid (0.5-2%) – Unclogs pores.
• Adapalene (Differin) – Retinoid that prevents clogged pores.

B. Prescription Treatments

• Topical Retinoids (Tretinoin) – Gold standard for acne.
• Oral Antibiotics (Doxycycline, Minocycline) – Short-term use only.
• Spironolactone – For hormonal acne in women.
• Isotretinoin (Accutane) – For severe, resistant acne.

C. Professional Procedures

• Chemical Peels – Glycolic/salicylic acid for clogged pores.
• Laser Therapy  – Reduces sebum production/ reduces inflammation
• Cortisone Injections – Shrinks cysts in 24-48 hours.

Acne is treatable, do not feel frustrated. The key is patience + the right approach for your skin type.